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| 标 题： |
Ball bearing turbocharger vibration management: application on high speed balancer
球轴承涡轮增压器振动管理：应用于高速平衡机 |
| 作 者： |
Gjika, Kostandin
Costeux, Antoine
LaRue, Gerry
Wilson, John |
| 关键词： |
Turbocharger [涡轮增压器]
ball bearing [ 滚珠轴承]
rotordynamics [ 转子动力学]
high speed balancing [ 高速平衡]
vibration management [ 振动管理]
ROTOR [ 转子] |
| 出版年： |
2020 |
| 期刊名： |
Mechanics & Industry
机械与工业 |
| 年卷期： |
2020, vol.21, no.6 |
| 摘 要： |
Today's modern internal combustion engines are increasingly focused on downsizing, high fuel efficiency and low emissions, which requires appropriate design and technology of turbocharger bearing systems. Automotive turbochargers operate faster and with strong engine excitation; vibration management is becoming a challenge and manufacturers are increasingly focusing on the design of low vibration and high-performance balancing technology. This paper discusses the synchronous vibration management of the ball bearing cartridge turbocharger on high-speed balancer and it is a continuation of papers [1-3]. In a first step, the synchronous rotordynamics behavior is identified. A prediction code is developed to calculate the static and dynamic performance of "ball bearing cartridge-squeeze film damper". The dynamic behavior of balls is modeled by a spring with stiffness calculated from Tedric Harris formulas and the damping is considered null. The squeeze film damper model is derived from the Osborne Reynolds equation for incompressible and synchronous fluid loading; the stiffness and damping coefficients are calculated assuming that the bearing is infinitely short, and the oil film pressure is modeled as a cavitated pi film model. The stiffness and damping coefficients are integrated on a rotordynamics code and the bearing loads are calculated by converging with the bearing eccentricity ratio. In a second step, a finite element structural dynamics model is built for the system "turbocharger housing-high speed balancer fixture" and validated by experimental frequency response functions. In the last step, the rotating dynamic bearing loads on the squeeze film damper are coupled with transfer functions and the vibration on the housings is predicted. The vibration response under single and multi-plane unbalances correlates very well with test data from turbocharger unbalance masters. The prediction model allows a thorough understanding of ball bearing turbocharger vibration on a high speed balancer, thus optimizing the dynamic behavior of the "turbocharger-high speed balancer" structural system for better rotordynamics performance identification and selection of the appropriate balancing process at the development stage of the turbocharger.
当今的现代内燃机越来越注重轻量化、高燃油效率和低排放，这要求涡轮增压器轴承系统具备适当的设计和技术。汽车涡轮增压器运行速度更快，且发动机激励更强； 振动管理正成为一个挑战，制造商越来越关注低振动、高性能平衡技术的设计。本文讨论了高速平衡器上球轴承卡套式涡轮增压器的同步振动管理问题，是论文[1-3]的延续。首先，识别了转子同步动力学行为。开发了一种预测程序，用于计算“球轴承卡套式挤压薄膜阻尼器”的静态和动态性能。球体的动态行为通过弹簧建模，其刚度根据Tedric Harris公式计算得出，而阻尼则被设定为零。挤压薄膜阻尼器模型基于不可压缩流体在同步载荷下的奥斯本-雷诺方程推导得出； 刚度和阻尼系数的计算假设轴承为无限短，油膜压力采用气穴π型薄膜模型进行建模。刚度和阻尼系数通过转子动力学代码进行积分，并通过与轴承偏心率比收敛来计算轴承载荷。第二步，针对“涡轮增压器壳体—高速平衡器支架”系统构建了有限元结构动力学模型，并通过实验频率响应函数进行验证。最后，将挤压薄膜阻尼器上的旋转动态轴承载荷与传递函数耦合，预测壳体的振动情况。单平面和多平面不平衡下的振动响应与涡轮增压器不平衡主试验数据高度吻合。该预测模型有助于全面理解球轴承在高速平衡器上的振动特性，从而优化“涡轮增压器—高速平衡器”结构系统的动态性能，提升对转子动力学性能的识别能力，并在涡轮增压器开发阶段选择合适的平衡工艺。 |
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