| 摘 要： |
The use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) to provide cellular communication in rural areas, disaster-hit regions, or during temporary events is gaining increasing attention due to its flexible deployment and energy efficiency compared to fixed terrestrial infrastructures. However, UAVs experience significant challenges such as the limited wireless connectivity provided by Ka-band frequency, and their flying time is constrained by the energy consumed during the data transmission and the complexity of the Baseband Unit (BBU) implementation. Using different lower layer functional split options (e.g., 7-1, 7-2, 7-2? and 7-3), this paper provides a theoretical and simulation analysis of the 5G New Radio (NR) physical layer specifications to achieve a fronthaul bandwidth that can be supported by the Ka-band. These functional split options are then compared in terms of fronthaul bandwidth, theoretical throughput, connection density, number of functions deployed at the UAV, and the energy consumption of the fronthaul transmission to determine which functional split option is better suited for a multi-layered Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN).
由于与固定地面基础设施相比，无人机（UAV）在部署灵活且能效更高，因此其在农村地区、受灾区域或临时活动期间提供蜂窝通信的应用正受到越来越多的关注。然而，无人机面临诸多挑战，例如Ka频段提供的无线连接能力有限，飞行时间受限于数据传输过程中的能耗，以及基带单元（BBU）实现的复杂性。本文针对5G新无线电（NR）物理层规范，通过采用不同的底层功能拆分方案（如7-1、7-2、7-2?和7-3），对Ka频段所能支持的前传带宽进行了理论与仿真分析。随后，对比了不同功能拆分方案在前传带宽、理论吞吐量、连接密度、无人机上部署的功能数量以及前传传输能耗等方面的表现，以确定哪种功能拆分方案更适合多层非地面网络（NTN）。 |
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